Environment & Ecology - MOST IMPORTANT SSC Stenographer Previous Year Questions

Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary

Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary

Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary

Interview Island Wildlife Sanctuary

Kanha Tiger Reserve

Manas National Park

Rajaji National Park

Jim Corbett National Park

$\displaystyle 1957$

$\displaystyle 1934$

$\displaystyle 1912$

$\displaystyle 1976$

Himachal Pradesh

Mizoram

Assam

Uttarakhand

CCTS allows industries to trade emission allowances, enabling those who reduce emissions below targets to sell surplus credits to others exceeding their limits.

The scheme operates on the principle of cap-and-trade, setting a legal limit on total greenhouse gas emissions for regulated entities.

Participation in CCTS is mandatory for all sectors irrespective of their emission levels and geographical location.

CCTS incentivizes investment in clean technologies by assigning economic value to reductions in carbon emissions.

The Act empowers only the Central Pollution Control Board to lay down standards for discharge of environmental pollutants and excludes the Ministry of Environment from enforcement functions.

The Act, enacted under Article $\displaystyle 21$ of the Constitution, enables state governments to declare ecologically sensitive areas (ESAs) without central approval, ensuring decentralised environmental protection.

The Act allows the Central Government to take all necessary measures for environmental protection, including issuing directions that override other laws, but lacks provisions for penal action against non-compliance.

The Act enables the Central Government to delegate powers to any authority, including creation of Environment Tribunals, and provides the legal basis for notifications such as EIA and Coastal Regulation Zones.

Expansion of thermal power plants

India's dependency on fossil fuels

India's commitment to hydroelectricity

A shift from conventional to solar energy

Beijing

Delhi

Lahore

Loni

Tissue culture involves the genetic modification of plants through direct DNA insertion in soil, primarily used for creating genetically modified crops resistant to pests.

Tissue culture is a technique of growing plant cells, tissues, or organs aseptically on a nutrient medium under controlled environmental conditions, widely used for rapid clonal propagation, but is limited by the risk of somaclonal variation and contamination.

Tissue culture exclusively involves the use of mature seeds to generate new plants and is primarily employed in traditional breeding programs.

Tissue culture requires open-air conditions and is mostly used for studying plant ecology and natural habitat restoration without any commercial applications.

Pyrolysis requires higher oxygen levels and generates more $\displaystyle \mathrm{CO_2}$ than incineration, thus enabling faster decomposition.

Pyrolysis transforms plastic waste into reusable gases, oils, and char without combustion, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Pyrolysis converts plastic into biodegradable polymers that can be reused directly in agriculture.

Pyrolysis reduces plastic volume by $\displaystyle 90$% through combustion, producing energy-intensive ash used in road construction.

Agasthiyamalai ER - Andhra Pradesh

Singhbhum ER - Odisha

Anamalai ER - Tamil Nadu

Coimbatore ER - Karnataka

India and Germany

India and France

India and USA

India and Brazil

Water

Sunlight

Soil

Wind

India's entire Himalayan belt falls under Zone V, and the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) mandates earthquake-resistant design for all rural buildings under the Building Code $\displaystyle 2016$.

Seismic microzonation has been completed for all urban centers in India, allowing state governments to uniformly implement earthquake-safe building regulations through the National Building Code

While India's western and northeastern regions lie in Zones IV and V respectively, the lack of enforcement of building codes, outdated land use planning, and insufficient retrofitting in urban clusters severely compromise disaster resilience.

The Earthquake Early Warning System is universally installed in all Indian states, with uniform response protocols and evacuation infrastructure integrated into Smart City Plans.

Pinjore (Haryana)

Buxa (West Bengal)

Rani, Guwahati (Assam)

Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh)

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

Environment Protection Act

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

Forest Rights Act

Rhino poaching in Africa has decreased from $\displaystyle 2022$ to $\displaystyle 2023$

Greater one-horned rhino population has significantly declined in $\displaystyle 2023$

The number of white rhinos has increased, while Indian rhino population remained stable

All rhino species are now listed as critically endangered

Periodic warming of sea surface in central and eastern Pacific

A sudden cooling of the Atlantic Ocean due to glacial melt

An increase in solar radiation causing global droughts

A monsoon-driven reversal of ocean currents in the Indian Ocean

$\displaystyle 3$

$\displaystyle 5$

$\displaystyle 8$

$\displaystyle 10$

3rd

4th

6th

$\displaystyle 1$0th